Uniform Circular Motion Gizmo Guide
Exploration Guide: Uniform Circular Motion Go to www.explorelearning.com and login. Please type or write your answers on a separate sheet of paper, not squished in the spaces on these pages.
When relevant, data collected should be presented in a table. Objective: To explore the acceleration and force of an object that travels a circular path at constant speed. Motion of this kind is called uniform circular motion.
Part 1: Centripetal Acceleration 1. The Gizmotm shows both a top view and a side view of a puck constrained by a string, traveling a circular path on an air table. Be sure the Gizmo has these settings: radius 8 m, mass 5 kg, and velocity 8 m/s. Then click Play and observe the motion of the puck. The puck in the Gizmo is traveling at a constant speed, but it is NOT traveling at a constant velocity. Because the velocity of the puck is changing (because its direction is changing), the puck must be experiencing an acceleration.
Click BAR CHART and choose Acceleration from the dropdown menu. Check Show numerical values. The leftmost bar shows the magnitude of the acceleration, or a. (The other two bars show the x- and y-components of the acceleration, ax and ay.) What is the value of a ? Jot this value down, along with radius = 8 m, so that you can refer to it later. Keeping velocity set to 8 m/s, set radius to 4 m. (To quickly set a slider to a value, typing the number in the field to the right of the slider and press Enter.) What is the new magnitude of the acceleration, a ?
Jot down this new value along, with radius = 4 m, with your previous data. Now set the radius to 2 m. What is the resulting value for a ?
Record these values along with the others. Examine the corresponding pairs of values for the radius and the magnitude of the acceleration, a. How does a change when the radius is divided by 2? How do you think a changes when the radius is multiplied by 2? Multiplied by 3? Choose your own. E105: UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION NADONG, Renzo Norien D.
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this experiment is to quantify the centripetal force on the body when one of the parameters is held constant and to verify the effects of the varying factors involved in circular motion. Mainly, horizontal circular type of motion is considered in this activity. Circular motion is defined as the movement of an object along the circumference of the circle or the manner of rotating along a circular path. With uniform circular motion it is assured that the object traversing a given path maintains a constant speed at all times. Centripetal force is a force that tends to deflect an object moving in a straight path and compels it to move in a circular path. MATERIALS AND METHODS This experiment was divided into three parts in order to further study and observe the factors that affect the centripetal force of a body. The concept of this experiment is the same on all parts, which is getting the centripetal force given with three different conditions.
Every part of the experiment was executed just the same. Mass hanger plus a desired mass of weights were hanged over the clamp on pulley to determine a constant centripetal force which will act as the actual value.
But on the third part of this. Uniform Circular Motion – a constant motion along a circle; the unfirom motion of a body along a circle Frequency (f) – the number of cycles or revolutions completed by the same object in a given time; may be expressed as per second, per minute, per hour, per year, etc.; standard unit is revolutions per second (rev/s) Period (T) – the time it takes for an object to make one complete revolution; may be expressed in seconds, minutes, hours, years, etc.; standard unit is seconds per revolution (s/rev) Note: Period and frequency are reciprocals: T = 1/f; f = 1/T. Sample Problems: 1. Suppose the rear wheel makes 5 revolutions in 1 minute.
Find the wheel’s period and frequency. As a bucket of water is tied to a string and spun in a circle, it made 85 revolutions in a minute. Find its period and frequency. An object orbits in a circular motion 12.51 times in 10.41 seconds. What is the frequency of this motion? Tangential Speed (v or vs) – average speed; rotational speed; speed of any particle in uniform circular motion; standard unit is meters per second (m/s); v = Cf = C/T = 2πrf = 2πr/T = rω Sample Problems: 3.
What is the rotational speed of a person standing at the earth’s equator given that its radius is 6.38.106 m and that it takes 365 days for the earth to complete a revolution?. Uniform Circular Motion PES 115 Report Objective The purpose of this experiment is to determine the relationships between radiuses, mass, velocity and centripetal force of a spinning body. We used logger pro to accurately measure the orbital period of the spinning mass and used these measurements to determine the interrelated interactions of the specified properties and viewed the results graphically. Data and Calculations The black markings on the string are about 10 cm apart in length, measured from the center of the spinning mass. Part A: Factors that influence Circular Motion Velocity versuse Centripetal Force Fill out the table holding the Spinning mass (M) and the radius (R) constant. Figure 1: Experimental setup for the lab Which Spinning Mass did you select hook with foam wrapping (Tennis ball, etc.) What is the mass of the Spinning mass 0.0283 kg. What Radius did you select 0.30 m (around 20 cm is a good choice). Fill out the tables for five different hanging mass values.
Hanging Mass (m) kg 0.1001 kg 0.1992 kg 0.2992 kg 0.4000 kg 0.4997 kg Revolution Number and Time per Revolution (T) sec 1 0.61337 s 0.413210 s 0.367288 s 0.316510 s 0.271455 s 2 0.613087 s 0.403737 s 0.370600 s 0.310189 s 0.274200 s 3 0.613727 s 0.393689 s 0.374100 s 0.316308 s 0.273700 s 4 0.611319 s 0.39364 s 0.368047 s 0.309619 s 0.279400 s 5 0.618954 s 0.388600 s 0.365853 s 0.300742 s 0.282000 s. Because the direction is changing, there is a ∆v and ∆v = vf - vi, and since velocity is changing, circular motion must also be accelerated motion. Vi ∆v vf -vi vf2 If the ∆t in-between initial velocity and final velocity is small, the direction of ∆v is nearly radial (i.e.
Directed along the radius). As ∆t approaches 0, ∆v becomes exactly radial, or centripetal. ∆v = vf - vi vi vf vf ∆v -vi Note that as ∆v becomes more centripetal, it also becomes more perpendicular with vf.
Also note that the acceleration of an object depends on its change in velocity ∆v; i.e., if ∆v is centripetal, so is ‘a’. From this, we can conclude the following for any object travelling in a circle at constant speed: The velocity of the object is tangent to its circular path. The acceleration of the object is centripetal to its circular path.
This type of acceleration is called centripetal acceleration, or ac. The centripetal acceleration of the object is always perpendicular to its velocity at any point along its circular path. V ac ac v 3 To calculate the magnitude of the tangential velocity (i.e., the speed) of an object travelling in a circle:. Renault clio repair manual 2016.
Start with d = vavt where ‘vav’ is a constant speed ‘v’. In a circle, distance = circumference, so d = 2πr. The time ‘t’ taken to travel once around the circular. Circular Motion Uniform circular motion is the movement of an object or particle trajectory at a constant speed around a circle with a fixed radius. The fixed radius, r, is the position of an object in uniform or circular motion relative to to the center of the circle. The length of the position vector of the circle does not change but its direction does as the object follows its circular path.
In order to find the object’s velocity, one needs to find its displacement vector over the specific time interval. The change in position, or the object’s displacement, is represented by the change in r. Also, remember that a position vector is a displacement vector with its tail at the origin. It is already known that the average velocity of a moving object is ᐃd/ ᐃt, so for an object in circular motion, the equation is ᐃr/ ᐃt. IN other words the velocity vector has the same direction as the displacement, but at a different length. As the velocity vector moves around the circle, its direction changes but its length remains the same.
The difference in between two vectors, ᐃv, is found by subtracting the vectors. The average acceleration, a = ᐃv/ ᐃt, is in the same direction as ᐃv, that is, toward the center of the circle.
Uniform Circular Motion Gizmo Guidelines
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Centripetal Force
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